sc 12

• BiologyOrganismBiological ClassificationScientific Names of Plants and Animals

Top

Scientific Names of Plants and Animals

Scientists through out the world use a common system for naming organisms, this system is known as the binomial nomenclature. In this system two words are used to name the organisms that represents its generic name and the other its specific epithet. Biological classification is necessary as the number of living things are enormous. New forms of species keep adding on every year. The organisms vary greatly in their form, structure and their mode of life. The organisms needs to be divided into groups and subgroups in a definite plan, so that the study of living things becomes easy.

Advantages of using scientific names for an organism are as follows:

• The scientific name remains the same world wide and hence is easily recognizable.
• The possibility of confusion due multiple name s given to the same organism in different parts of the world is eliminated by scientifically naming the organism. 
• A relationship between different species of organisms in a particular genus can be deduced by scientific names. 
• It also helps in recognizing or identifying any new organisms discovered.
• Any incorrect name to a particular organism can be corrected. 
• The scientific names provided are often descriptive and also indicate some important characteristics of the organisms.

The scientific names consists of two terms, the genus name and the species name. The genus name always starts with a capital letter and the species name always starts with a small letter. This process of naming organisms scientifically is known as 'taxonomy'. Assigning scientific names to organism was first developed by a Swedish scientist 'Carlous Linnaeus'.

 

List of Scientific Names of Common Plants

The binomial nomenclatures of common plants are listed as follows:

Common Name	Scientific Names
Sunflower	Helianthus annuus
Mango	Magnifera indica
Neem	Azadicta indica
Rose	Rosa
Tulsi	Ocimum tenuiflorum
Apache Plume	Fallugia paradoxa
Aplle Blossom Grass	Gaura
Wild rye	Elymus sp.
Wild Oats	Avena fatua
Red Maple	Acer rubrum
Rice	Oryza sativa
Wheat	Triticum spp.
Finger millet	Eleusine coracana
Barley	Hordeum vulgare
Coriander	Coriandrum sativum
Cashew nut	Anacardium occidentale
Curry leaf	Murraya koenigii
Dragon fruit	Hylocereus undutus
Ginger	Asarum
Orange	Citrus sinensis
Papaya	Carica papaya
Pine apple	Ananas comosus
Cinnamon	Cinnamomum zeylanicum

List of Scientific Names of Common Animals

The binomial nomenclatures of common animals are listed as follows:

Common Name	Scientific Names
Dog	Canis lupus
Housefly	Musca domestica
Tiger	Panthera tigris
Lepoard	Panther pardus
Lion	Panthera leo
Bear	Ursidae carnivora
Crow	Corvus splendens
Ant	Hymenopetrous formicidae
Bat	Chiroptera
Buffalo	Bison bonasus
Cat	Felis catus
Cheetah	Acinonyx jubatus
Crocodile	Crocodilia niloticus
Elephant	Proboscidea elepahantidae
Dolphin	Delphinidae delphis
Goat	Capra hircus
Frog	Anura ranidae
Rabbit	Leoparidae cuniculas
Giraffe	Giraffa horridus
Fox	Cannis vulpes
Deer	Artiodactyl cervidae
Cobra	Elaphidae naja
Panda	Alurpoda melanoleuca
Ass	Equs asinus
Horse	Equus ferus caballus